What is "true citrate surface"?
Many competitors achieve monodispersity by first using cytotoxic CTAB templates, then swapping ligands for citrate. Even after ligand exchange, some toxic CTAB can stay on the surface, as CTAB is sticky and not always fully removed.
This approach introduces:
- Higher costs from multi-step processing
- Incomplete ligand exchange risks (leaving toxic CTAB residues)
- Batch variability from uneven surface replacement
Contrary to that, NanoBrand manufactures highly monodisperse Gold Nanoparticles with true citrate surface, meaning that citrate coatings form on the nanoparticles surface during synthesis – no risky CTAB replacement is required, allowing to keep the prices down.
Why do true citrate-coated gold nanoparticles perform better?
- Purity: There are no leftover CTAB traces that can affect safety or cause unpredictable behavior.
- Surface activity: Citrate molecules provide consistent and predictable sites for further functionalization or bonding, representing efficient and controllable surface chemistry for attaching drugs, DNA, proteins and cell targeting. In biosensing, clean surfaces are needed for accurate, interference-free detection.
- Biocompatibility: True citrate coatings are safer for biological and medical uses since CTAB is toxic and hard to remove completely.
- Reproducibility: Properties like charge and stability are more consistent batch-to-batch, leading to reliable results.
Applications Ready for Reliable Results:
- Biomedical platforms: CTAB-free surfaces can accelerate FDA-compliant studies
- Sensing & diagnostics: Precise plasmonic responses for reproducible assays
- Catalysis R&D: Uniform surface areas for accurate activity comparisons
- Nano-bio interfaces: Stable citrate layers simplify ligand conjugation
In all these fields, the predictability, safety, and clean interface of true citrate-capped nanoparticles are essential. In contrast, leftover CTAB even in trace amounts can compromise product quality, experiment validity, and user safety.